SeleniumMC: AS OF 2000, THE NEWEST AND BEST FORM OF SELENIUM
"The Essence of Garlic"**

SeleniumMC is a naturally occurring selenoamino acid synthesized by plants such as garlic, broccoli, and onions, and is now available to the public exclusively from Wholesale Nutrition.

From extracts of selenium enriched garlic, it has recently been found that SeleniumMC IS THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT in the chemoprevention of mammary cancer. 17 May 2002: The FDA considers the above sentence may be an illegal claim that would make SeleniumMC a drug (despite the 40 references given below). We have asked Dr Spallholz for a statement. Within a few days we may remove the sentence, and may include the FDA letter right here, and probably include Dr Spallholz's statement. 28 May 2002: Dr Spallholz replied that "the statement is true for animal experimentation. There is a long article in 'Nutrition and Cancer', Dec 2001, showing the great (beneficial) effects of SeMC and other Se Compounds on animal breast cancer." He goes on to say that "we just got permission (from the FDA) to move the upper limit of an adult daily dose of Se as SeMC to 200 mcg/day." Dr Spallholz also directed us to his twin journal articles about selenium and SeMC, with over 70 more scholarly references, that can be found at: www.stda.be/bull011.pdf www.stda.be/B2001-2.pdf Since Dr Spallholz feels that health claims cannot be made directly from animal results, we now will add "IN ANIMALS" to the previous statement under question. Thus: "From extracts of selenium enriched garlic, it has recently been found that SeleniumMC IS THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT in the chemoprevention of mammary cancer IN ANIMALS."

SeleniumMC metabolism has been studied in animals and the chemoprevention effect of SeleniumMC is believed to occur due to the generation of monomethylated selenium species by endogeneous enzymes. Monomethylated selenium species have been shown to generate superoxide and induce apoptosis (cell death) to cancer cells in culture. Unlike L-selenomethionine (the form found in yeast and meat) which is incorporated into proteins in place of methionine in vivo, SeleniumMC is not incorporated into any proteins thereby being fully bioavailable for chemoprevention and the synthesis of selenium-containing enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase. Preliminary animal data indicate that SeleniumMC is less toxic than L-selenomethionine when included in diets which may be related to the known accumulation of L-selenomethionine in tissues.

Patents are pending for the novel synthesis of SeleniumMC and its exclusive use as a dietary supplement for humans and domestic animals.

SeleniumMC can be used as a human and animal food supplement as per the Nutritional Supplement Regulations of the US Food and Drug Administration.

References

Publications:

Effect of selenium in Combination with Adriamycin or Taxol on Several Different Cancer Cells. J.V.Vadgama,Y. Wu, D.Shen, S.Hsia and J. Block. Anticancer Research. 20,1391-1414,2000.

Chemical Speciation Influences Comparative Activity of Selenium-Enriched Garlic and Yeast in Mammary Cancer Prevention. C. Ip, M. Birringer, E. Block, M. Kotrebai, J.F. Tyson, P.C. Uden and D.J. Lisk. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry,40,2000.

Selenium Metabolism, Selenoproteins and Mechanisms of Cancer Prevention: Complexities with Thioredoxin Reductase. H.E.Ganther. Cancinogenesis. 20,1657-1666,1999

Selenium-induced Inhibition of Angiogenesis in Mammary Cancer at Chemopreventive Levels of (Dietary) Intake. C. Jiang, W.Jiang, Ip,C., Ganther, H. and Lu,I. Molecular Carcinogenesis. 26,213-225,1999.

Decreased Incidence of Prostate Cancer with Selenium Supplementation; Results of a Double-blind Cancer Prevention Trial. Clark,L.C. et al British Journal of Urology. 81,730-734,1998.

Chemopreventive Agents: Selenium. G.F. Combes and W.P. Grey. Pharmacological Therapy. 79,179-192,1998.

Lessons from Basic Research in Selenium and Cancer Prevention. C. Ip. Journal of Nutrition. 128,1845-1854,1998.

Should Selenium Enriched Vegetables be Consumed for the Prevention of Cancer? P.D. Whanger, J.L. Green and J.A. Butler. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on the Uses of Selenium and Tellurium. 57-61,1998. Scottsdale, AZ

Novel strategies in Selenium Cancer Chemoprevention Research. C. Ip and H.E. Ganther. Selenium in Biology and Human Health, R.F. Burk, Ed. Chapter 9, pp. 170-180. Springer-Verlag, Publisher. New York. 1998,

Study of Prediagnostic Selenium Level in Toenails and the Risk of Advanced Prostate Cancer. K. Yoshizawa, W.C. Willet, S.L. Morris, S.J. Stampfer, D. Spiegelman, E.B. Rimm and E. Giovannucci. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 90,1219-1224,1998.

Chemical Transformations of Selenium in Living Organisms. Improved Forms of Selenium for Cancer Prevention. H.E. Ganther and J.R. Lawrence. Tetrahedron. 53,12299-12310,1997.

Speciation of Selenoamino acids and Organoselenium compounds in Selenium-enriched Yeast using High-performance Liquid Chromatography inductively-coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. S.M. Bird, P.C. Uden, J.F. Tyson, E. Block and E. Denoyer. J. Analytical Atomic Spectrometry. 12,785-788,1997.

Naturally Occurring Selenium Compounds in Cancer Chemoprevention Trials: A Workshop Summary. B.H. Paterson and O.A. Levander. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention. 6,63-69,1997.

Effects of Selenium Supplementation for Cancer Prevention in Patients with Carcinoma of the Skin. L.C. Clark et al. Journal of the American Medical Association. 276,1957-1963,1996.

Effect of an Aqueous Extract of Selenium-Enriched Garlic on in vitro and in vivo efficacy in Cancer Prevention. J. Lu, H. Pei, C. Ip, D.J. Lisk, H. Ganther and H. J. Thompson. Carcinogenesis. 17,1903-1907,1996.

Allium Chemistry: Identification of Selenoaminoacids in Ordinary and Selenium-Enriched Garlic, Onion, and Broccoli Using Gas Chromatography with Atomic Emission Detection. X.J. Cai, E. Block, P.C. Uden, Z. Zhang, B. D. Quimbly, and J.J. Sullivan. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry. 43, 1754-1757,1995.

Allium Chemistry: Identification of Selenoamino Acids in Ordinary and Selenium Enriched Garlic , and Onions and Broccoli using Gas Chromatography with Atomic Emission Detection. X-J Cai et al. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry. 43,1754,1995.

On the Nature of Selenium Toxicity and Carcinostatic Activity. J.E. Spallholz. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 17,45-64,1994.

Characterization of Tissue Profiles and Anticarcinogenic Responses in Rats Fed Natural Sources of Selenium-Enriched Products. C. Ip and J. Lisk. Carcinogenesis. 15,573,1994.

Enrichment of Selenium in Allium Vegetables for Cancer Prevention. C.P. Ip and D.J. Lisk. Carcinogenesis. 15,1881-1885,1994.

Novel Strategies in Selenium Cancer Chemoprevention Research. Ip, C. and Ganther, H.E. in Selenium in Biology and Human Health. R.F. Burk, Ed. Chapter 9. Springer-Verlag, Publisher New York pp 171-180,1994.

Bioavalibility of Selenium from Selenium-enriched Garlic. C. Ip and D.J. Lisk. Nutrition and Cancer. 20,129-137,1993.

Nutrition Intervention Trials in Linxian, China: Supplementation with Specific Vitamin/Minerial Combinations, Cancer Incidence, and Disease-Specific Mortality in the General Population. W.L. Blot et al. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 85,1483-1491,1993.

The Prevention of Primary Liver Cancer by selenium in salt for 6 Years. W. Li, Q Huang and B. Liu. Qiu Liver Cancer Research10, 665. 1993. (In Chinese)

Effect of Methylated Forms of Selenium on Cell Viability and the Induction of DNA Strand Breaks. A.C. Wilson, H.J. Thompson, P.J. Schedin, N.W. Gibson, and H.E. Ganther. Biochemical Pharamacology 43,1137-1141,1992.

Selenium: Mechanistic Aspects of Anticarcinogen Action. G.N. Schrauzer. Biological Trace Element Research. 33,51-62,1992.

Comparison of Selenium and Sulfur Analogs in Cancer Prevention. C. Ip and H.E. Ganther. Carcinogenesis 13,1167-1170,1992.

Mammary Cancer Prevention by Regular Garlic and Selenium-Enriched Garlic. C.Ip, D.J. Lisk and G.S. Stoewsand. Nutrition and Cancer 17,279-286,1992.

Chemical Form of Selenium, Critical Metabolites, and Cancer Prevention C. Ip, C. Hayes. R.M. Budnick and H. Ganther. Cancer Research 51,595-600,1991.

Serum Selenium and Subsequent Risk of Cancer Among Finnish Men and Women. Knekt,P. et al. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 82,864-868,1990.

The Metabolism of Selenomethionine, Se-methylselenocysteine. their Selenonium Derivatives, and Trimethylselenonium in the Rat. S. J. Foster, R.J. Kraus and H.E. Ganther. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 251,77-86,1986b.

Selenium Inhibition of Chemical Carcinogenesis. C. Ip. Federation Proceedings. 44,2573-2578,1985

Association Between Serum Selenium and the Risk of Cancer. Salonen, J.T. et al. American Journal of Epidemiology. 120,342-349,1984.

Biochemical and Clinical Effects of Selenium on Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Cancer in Rats. M.N. Jacobs et al. Cancer Research. 41,4458-4465,1981.

Biosynthesis of Se-methylselenocysteine and Se-methylcysteine in Astragalus Bisulcatus. D.M. Chen, S.N. Nigam and W.B. McConnell. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry. 48,1278-1283,1970.

Abstracts

The Nutritional Prevention of Cancer with selenium. L.C. Clark, G.S. Combes and B.W. Turnbull. FASEB Journal.10,550,1996.

Titles in Review

Chemical Speciation Influences Comparative Activity of Selenium-Enriched Garlic and Yeast in Mammary Cancer Prevention. 2000